diff --git a/src/app/api/admin/billing/skill-pricing/route.ts b/src/app/api/admin/billing/skill-pricing/route.ts
index 64e4359..d0305ca 100644
--- a/src/app/api/admin/billing/skill-pricing/route.ts
+++ b/src/app/api/admin/billing/skill-pricing/route.ts
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ import { safeError } from "@/lib/errors";
 const upsertSchema = z.object({
   skillId: z.string().min(1).max(100),
   dailyPriceChf: z.number().min(0).max(1_000_000),
+  // Optional with default 0 so existing API callers keep working.
+  // Setup fee fires once per (tenant, skill); see billing.ts.
+  setupFeeChf: z.number().min(0).max(1_000_000).optional().default(0),
 });
 
 export async function GET() {
@@ -63,7 +66,8 @@ export async function PUT(request: Request) {
   try {
     const row = await setSkillPricing(
       parsed.data.skillId,
-      parsed.data.dailyPriceChf
+      parsed.data.dailyPriceChf,
+      parsed.data.setupFeeChf
     );
     return NextResponse.json(row);
   } catch (e) {
diff --git a/src/components/admin/billing/pricing-editor.tsx b/src/components/admin/billing/pricing-editor.tsx
index 6d8020a..8e17690 100644
--- a/src/components/admin/billing/pricing-editor.tsx
+++ b/src/components/admin/billing/pricing-editor.tsx
@@ -85,20 +85,27 @@ export function PricingEditor({
     catalog.find((c) => c.category === "skill")?.id ?? ""
   );
   const [newSkillPrice, setNewSkillPrice] = useState("0.10");
+  const [newSkillSetupFee, setNewSkillSetupFee] = useState("0");
   const [addingSkill, setAddingSkill] = useState(false);
   const [skillError, setSkillError] = useState("");
 
   // Core upsert — used by both the "add new skill" form and the inline
-  // editor on existing rows. Kept event-free so callers can invoke it
-  // without synthesizing a fake form event.
-  const upsertSkillPrice = async (skillId: string, dailyPriceChf: number) => {
+  // editors on existing rows. Kept event-free so callers can invoke it
+  // without synthesizing a fake form event. Both `dailyPriceChf` and
+  // `setupFeeChf` are written together because the API does a full
+  // upsert; partial updates would silently zero the other field.
+  const upsertSkillPrice = async (
+    skillId: string,
+    dailyPriceChf: number,
+    setupFeeChf: number
+  ) => {
     setAddingSkill(true);
     setSkillError("");
     try {
       const res = await fetch("/api/admin/billing/skill-pricing", {
         method: "PUT",
         headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
-        body: JSON.stringify({ skillId, dailyPriceChf }),
+        body: JSON.stringify({ skillId, dailyPriceChf, setupFeeChf }),
       });
       if (!res.ok) {
         const j = await res.json().catch(() => ({}));
@@ -115,7 +122,11 @@ export function PricingEditor({
   const onAddNewSkill = (e: React.FormEvent) => {
     e.preventDefault();
     if (!newSkillId) return;
-    void upsertSkillPrice(newSkillId, Number(newSkillPrice));
+    void upsertSkillPrice(
+      newSkillId,
+      Number(newSkillPrice),
+      Number(newSkillSetupFee)
+    );
   };
 
   const deleteSkill = async (skillId: string) => {
@@ -234,6 +245,7 @@ export function PricingEditor({
               <tr>
                 <th className="pb-2">{t("skillCol")}</th>
                 <th className="pb-2 text-right">{t("dailyPriceCol")}</th>
+                <th className="pb-2 text-right">{t("setupFeeCol")}</th>
                 <th className="pb-2 text-right">{t("actionsCol")}</th>
               </tr>
             </thead>
@@ -252,10 +264,26 @@ export function PricingEditor({
                       )}
                     </td>
                     <td className="py-2 text-right">
+                      {/* Inline edits write daily + setup together (full
+                          upsert on the API side). The other field is
+                          held constant from the snapshot here. */}
                       <InlinePriceEditor
                         skillId={sp.skillId}
                         initialPrice={sp.dailyPriceChf}
-                        onSave={(price) => upsertSkillPrice(sp.skillId, price)}
+                        decimals={4}
+                        onSave={(price) =>
+                          upsertSkillPrice(sp.skillId, price, sp.setupFeeChf)
+                        }
+                      />
+                    </td>
+                    <td className="py-2 text-right">
+                      <InlinePriceEditor
+                        skillId={`${sp.skillId}-setup`}
+                        initialPrice={sp.setupFeeChf}
+                        decimals={2}
+                        onSave={(fee) =>
+                          upsertSkillPrice(sp.skillId, sp.dailyPriceChf, fee)
+                        }
                       />
                     </td>
                     <td className="py-2 text-right">
@@ -292,9 +320,9 @@ export function PricingEditor({
                 ))}
             </select>
           </label>
-          <label className="w-32">
+          <label className="w-28">
             <span className="text-xs text-text-muted">
-              {t("dailyPriceLabel")} (CHF)
+              {t("dailyPriceLabel")}
             </span>
             <input
               type="number"
@@ -305,6 +333,19 @@ export function PricingEditor({
               className="mt-1 w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-md border border-border bg-surface-2 text-sm"
             />
           </label>
+          <label className="w-28">
+            <span className="text-xs text-text-muted">
+              {t("skillSetupFeeLabel")}
+            </span>
+            <input
+              type="number"
+              step="0.01"
+              min="0"
+              value={newSkillSetupFee}
+              onChange={(e) => setNewSkillSetupFee(e.target.value)}
+              className="mt-1 w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-md border border-border bg-surface-2 text-sm"
+            />
+          </label>
           <button
             type="submit"
             disabled={addingSkill || !newSkillId}
@@ -322,23 +363,30 @@ export function PricingEditor({
 }
 
 /**
- * Tiny inline editor for a single skill's daily price. Mounts in
+ * Tiny inline editor for a single numeric price/fee. Mounts in
  * "view" mode showing the current value as a clickable badge;
  * clicking turns it into an input + save/cancel buttons.
+ *
+ * `decimals` controls the display precision in view mode AND the
+ * step granularity of the input (daily prices use 4dp, setup fees
+ * use 2dp).
  */
 function InlinePriceEditor({
   skillId,
   initialPrice,
+  decimals = 2,
   onSave,
 }: {
   skillId: string;
   initialPrice: number;
+  decimals?: number;
   onSave: (price: number) => Promise<void> | void;
 }) {
   const t = useTranslations("adminBilling");
   const [editing, setEditing] = useState(false);
   const [value, setValue] = useState(String(initialPrice));
   const [busy, setBusy] = useState(false);
+  const step = decimals === 4 ? "0.0001" : "0.01";
 
   if (!editing) {
     return (
@@ -347,7 +395,7 @@ function InlinePriceEditor({
         className="text-sm font-mono hover:underline"
         title={t("clickToEdit")}
       >
-        CHF {initialPrice.toFixed(2)}
+        CHF {initialPrice.toFixed(decimals)}
       </button>
     );
   }
@@ -355,7 +403,7 @@ function InlinePriceEditor({
     <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1">
       <input
         type="number"
-        step="0.01"
+        step={step}
         min="0"
         value={value}
         onChange={(e) => setValue(e.target.value)}
diff --git a/src/lib/billing-i18n.ts b/src/lib/billing-i18n.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5762e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/billing-i18n.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/**
+ * Shared billing localization. Used by:
+ *   - billing.ts (compute path) — pre-renders the localized
+ *     line description and stores it on the invoice line at issue
+ *     time. Descriptions are then frozen in the customer's locale.
+ *   - billing-pdf.tsx (render path) — can fall back to this if a
+ *     stored description is missing (e.g. legacy invoice from the
+ *     pre-i18n era) or if the PDF is re-rendered in a different
+ *     locale (Phase 7).
+ *
+ * Locale set matches the portal's next-intl locales: de, en, fr, it.
+ * Unknown locales fall back to German (Swiss B2B default).
+ */
+
+import type { InvoiceLineKind } from "@/types";
+
+export type BillingLocale = "de" | "en" | "fr" | "it";
+
+function normaliseLocale(locale: string): BillingLocale {
+  if (locale === "en" || locale === "fr" || locale === "it" || locale === "de") {
+    return locale;
+  }
+  return "de";
+}
+
+/**
+ * Localized "N day(s)" — covers the only plural case in billing
+ * line descriptions. Other plurals (months, requests, messages)
+ * either don't change form in the supported languages or are
+ * always >1 in practice.
+ */
+function days(n: number, locale: BillingLocale): string {
+  const labels = {
+    de: { one: "Tag", many: "Tage" },
+    en: { one: "day", many: "days" },
+    fr: { one: "jour", many: "jours" },
+    it: { one: "giorno", many: "giorni" },
+  } as const;
+  const label = labels[locale];
+  return `${n} ${n === 1 ? label.one : label.many}`;
+}
+
+/** Subset of InvoiceLine needed for description formatting. */
+export interface LineForDescription {
+  kind: InvoiceLineKind;
+  tenantName: string | null;
+  metadata: Record<string, unknown> | null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Build the localized line description from a line's kind +
+ * metadata. Pure function — no DB/IO. Output mirrors what the
+ * PDF and admin preview show in the description column.
+ *
+ * Metadata expectations per kind (must match what billing.ts
+ * stores when emitting the line):
+ *   tenant_monthly:    { billable_days, days_in_month }
+ *   tenant_setup:      {} (uses tenantName only)
+ *   ai_usage:          { requests }
+ *   threema_messages:  { in_count, out_count }
+ *   skill_usage:       { skill_id, billable_days }
+ *   skill_setup:       { skill_id }
+ *   adjustment:        { reason? }
+ *
+ * Missing fields fall back to "?" so a malformed line still
+ * renders something readable rather than crashing the PDF.
+ */
+export function formatLineDescription(
+  line: LineForDescription,
+  locale: string
+): string {
+  const L = normaliseLocale(locale);
+  const m = line.metadata ?? {};
+  const tenant = line.tenantName ?? "—";
+  // Helper to fetch a metadata field with a safe fallback.
+  const f = (key: string): string | number => {
+    const v = (m as Record<string, unknown>)[key];
+    if (v === undefined || v === null) return "?";
+    return v as string | number;
+  };
+
+  switch (line.kind) {
+    case "tenant_monthly": {
+      const bd = f("billable_days");
+      const dim = f("days_in_month");
+      return {
+        de: `Monatliche Grundgebühr für ${tenant} (${bd}/${dim} Tage)`,
+        en: `Monthly fee for ${tenant} (${bd}/${dim} days)`,
+        fr: `Forfait mensuel pour ${tenant} (${bd}/${dim} jours)`,
+        it: `Canone mensile per ${tenant} (${bd}/${dim} giorni)`,
+      }[L];
+    }
+
+    case "tenant_setup":
+      return {
+        de: `Einrichtungsgebühr für ${tenant}`,
+        en: `Setup fee for ${tenant}`,
+        fr: `Frais de configuration pour ${tenant}`,
+        it: `Spese di attivazione per ${tenant}`,
+      }[L];
+
+    case "ai_usage": {
+      const r = f("requests");
+      return {
+        de: `KI-Inferenz-Nutzung (${r} Anfragen)`,
+        en: `AI inference usage (${r} requests)`,
+        fr: `Utilisation IA (${r} requêtes)`,
+        it: `Utilizzo IA (${r} richieste)`,
+      }[L];
+    }
+
+    case "threema_messages": {
+      const inC = f("in_count");
+      const outC = f("out_count");
+      return {
+        de: `Threema-Nachrichten (${inC} eingehend + ${outC} ausgehend)`,
+        en: `Threema messages (${inC} in + ${outC} out)`,
+        fr: `Messages Threema (${inC} entrants + ${outC} sortants)`,
+        it: `Messaggi Threema (${inC} in entrata + ${outC} in uscita)`,
+      }[L];
+    }
+
+    case "skill_usage": {
+      const skill = f("skill_id");
+      const bdRaw = (m as Record<string, unknown>)["billable_days"];
+      const bd = typeof bdRaw === "number" ? bdRaw : 0;
+      return {
+        de: `Skill: ${skill} (${days(bd, "de")})`,
+        en: `Skill: ${skill} (${days(bd, "en")})`,
+        fr: `Skill: ${skill} (${days(bd, "fr")})`,
+        it: `Skill: ${skill} (${days(bd, "it")})`,
+      }[L];
+    }
+
+    case "skill_setup": {
+      const skill = f("skill_id");
+      return {
+        de: `Einrichtungsgebühr Skill: ${skill}`,
+        en: `Setup fee skill: ${skill}`,
+        fr: `Frais de configuration skill: ${skill}`,
+        it: `Spese di attivazione skill: ${skill}`,
+      }[L];
+    }
+
+    case "adjustment": {
+      const reasonRaw = (m as Record<string, unknown>)["reason"];
+      const reason = typeof reasonRaw === "string" ? reasonRaw : null;
+      const base = {
+        de: "Anpassung",
+        en: "Adjustment",
+        fr: "Ajustement",
+        it: "Rettifica",
+      }[L];
+      return reason ? `${base}: ${reason}` : base;
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/billing-pdf.tsx b/src/lib/billing-pdf.tsx
index 255dcae..e9c5dc6 100644
--- a/src/lib/billing-pdf.tsx
+++ b/src/lib/billing-pdf.tsx
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ const MESSAGES: Record<string, PdfStrings> = {
       ai_usage: "KI-Nutzung",
       threema_messages: "Threema-Nachrichten",
       skill_usage: "Skill-Nutzung",
+      skill_setup: "Einrichtungsgebühr Skill",
       adjustment: "Anpassung",
     },
     reverseCharge:
@@ -156,6 +157,7 @@ const MESSAGES: Record<string, PdfStrings> = {
       ai_usage: "AI usage",
       threema_messages: "Threema messages",
       skill_usage: "Skill usage",
+      skill_setup: "Skill setup fee",
       adjustment: "Adjustment",
     },
     reverseCharge:
@@ -187,6 +189,7 @@ const MESSAGES: Record<string, PdfStrings> = {
       ai_usage: "Utilisation IA",
       threema_messages: "Messages Threema",
       skill_usage: "Utilisation Skill",
+      skill_setup: "Frais de configuration skill",
       adjustment: "Ajustement",
     },
     reverseCharge:
@@ -218,6 +221,7 @@ const MESSAGES: Record<string, PdfStrings> = {
       ai_usage: "Utilizzo IA",
       threema_messages: "Messaggi Threema",
       skill_usage: "Utilizzo Skill",
+      skill_setup: "Spese di attivazione skill",
       adjustment: "Rettifica",
     },
     reverseCharge:
diff --git a/src/lib/billing.ts b/src/lib/billing.ts
index 8dc4a55..89670f7 100644
--- a/src/lib/billing.ts
+++ b/src/lib/billing.ts
@@ -54,12 +54,14 @@ import {
   listSkillPricing,
   listSuspensionEventsForTenant,
   tenantHasSetupFeeBilled,
+  tenantSkillHasBeenBilled,
   updateInvoicePdf,
 } from "./db";
 import { listTenants } from "./k8s";
 import { getTeamSpendLogsV2 } from "./litellm";
 import { getUsage as getThreemaUsage } from "./threema-relay";
 import { renderInvoicePdf } from "./billing-pdf";
+import { formatLineDescription } from "./billing-i18n";
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Period helpers
@@ -370,6 +372,7 @@ async function buildTenantLines(opts: {
   daysInMonth: number;
   platformPricing: PlatformPricing;
   skillPricing: SkillPricing[];
+  locale: string;
   warnings: string[];
   displayOrderOffset: number;
 }): Promise<Omit<InvoiceLine, "id" | "invoiceId">[]> {
@@ -380,6 +383,7 @@ async function buildTenantLines(opts: {
     daysInMonth,
     platformPricing,
     skillPricing,
+    locale,
     warnings,
   } = opts;
   let displayOrder = opts.displayOrderOffset;
@@ -428,19 +432,23 @@ async function buildTenantLines(opts: {
     if (billableDays > 0) {
       const unit = platformPricing.tenantMonthlyFeeChf / daysInMonth;
       const amount = round2(unit * billableDays);
+      const metadata = {
+        billable_days: billableDays,
+        suspended_days: suspendedDays,
+        days_in_month: daysInMonth,
+      };
       lines.push({
         tenantName,
         kind: "tenant_monthly",
-        description: `Monthly fee for ${tenantName} (${billableDays}/${daysInMonth} days)`,
+        description: formatLineDescription(
+          { kind: "tenant_monthly", tenantName, metadata },
+          locale
+        ),
         quantity: billableDays,
         unitLabel: "days",
         unitPriceChf: round2(unit * 1e5) / 1e5,
         amountChf: amount,
-        metadata: {
-          billable_days: billableDays,
-          suspended_days: suspendedDays,
-          days_in_month: daysInMonth,
-        },
+        metadata,
         displayOrder: displayOrder++,
       });
     }
@@ -453,7 +461,10 @@ async function buildTenantLines(opts: {
       lines.push({
         tenantName,
         kind: "tenant_setup",
-        description: `Setup fee for ${tenantName}`,
+        description: formatLineDescription(
+          { kind: "tenant_setup", tenantName, metadata: null },
+          locale
+        ),
         quantity: 1,
         unitLabel: null,
         unitPriceChf: platformPricing.tenantSetupFeeChf,
@@ -480,19 +491,23 @@ async function buildTenantLines(opts: {
       `Tenant ${tenantName} has no LiteLLM team yet — AI usage skipped.`
     );
   } else if (aiUsage.spendChf > 0) {
+    const aiMetadata = {
+      litellm_key_alias: tenantName,
+      spend_chf: aiUsage.spendChf,
+      requests: aiUsage.requestCount,
+    };
     lines.push({
       tenantName,
       kind: "ai_usage",
-      description: `AI inference usage (${aiUsage.requestCount} requests)`,
+      description: formatLineDescription(
+        { kind: "ai_usage", tenantName, metadata: aiMetadata },
+        locale
+      ),
       quantity: 1,
       unitLabel: null,
       unitPriceChf: aiUsage.spendChf,
       amountChf: aiUsage.spendChf,
-      metadata: {
-        litellm_key_alias: tenantName,
-        spend_chf: aiUsage.spendChf,
-        requests: aiUsage.requestCount,
-      },
+      metadata: aiMetadata,
       displayOrder: displayOrder++,
     });
   }
@@ -502,19 +517,23 @@ async function buildTenantLines(opts: {
     const threema = await collectThreemaUsage(tenant, periodStart, periodEnd);
     if (threema && (threema.inCount + threema.outCount) > 0) {
       const total = threema.inCount + threema.outCount;
+      const threemaMetadata = {
+        in_count: threema.inCount,
+        out_count: threema.outCount,
+        total_count: total,
+      };
       lines.push({
         tenantName,
         kind: "threema_messages",
-        description: `Threema messages (${threema.inCount} in + ${threema.outCount} out)`,
+        description: formatLineDescription(
+          { kind: "threema_messages", tenantName, metadata: threemaMetadata },
+          locale
+        ),
         quantity: total,
         unitLabel: "msgs",
         unitPriceChf: platformPricing.threemaMessageChf,
         amountChf: round2(total * platformPricing.threemaMessageChf),
-        metadata: {
-          in_count: threema.inCount,
-          out_count: threema.outCount,
-          total_count: total,
-        },
+        metadata: threemaMetadata,
         displayOrder: displayOrder++,
       });
     }
@@ -548,19 +567,48 @@ async function buildTenantLines(opts: {
         }
       }
       if (billableDays > 0) {
+        // Setup fee fires once per (tenant, skill) — before the
+        // usage line so it appears above it on the PDF.
+        if (sp.setupFeeChf > 0) {
+          const alreadyBilled = await tenantSkillHasBeenBilled(
+            tenantName,
+            sp.skillId
+          );
+          if (!alreadyBilled) {
+            const setupMetadata = { skill_id: sp.skillId };
+            lines.push({
+              tenantName,
+              kind: "skill_setup",
+              description: formatLineDescription(
+                { kind: "skill_setup", tenantName, metadata: setupMetadata },
+                locale
+              ),
+              quantity: 1,
+              unitLabel: null,
+              unitPriceChf: sp.setupFeeChf,
+              amountChf: round2(sp.setupFeeChf),
+              metadata: setupMetadata,
+              displayOrder: displayOrder++,
+            });
+          }
+        }
+        const skillMetadata = {
+          skill_id: sp.skillId,
+          billable_days: billableDays,
+          event_count: skillEvents.length,
+        };
         lines.push({
           tenantName,
           kind: "skill_usage",
-          description: `Skill: ${sp.skillId} (${billableDays} day${billableDays === 1 ? "" : "s"})`,
+          description: formatLineDescription(
+            { kind: "skill_usage", tenantName, metadata: skillMetadata },
+            locale
+          ),
           quantity: billableDays,
           unitLabel: "days",
           unitPriceChf: sp.dailyPriceChf,
           amountChf: round2(billableDays * sp.dailyPriceChf),
-          metadata: {
-            skill_id: sp.skillId,
-            billable_days: billableDays,
-            event_count: skillEvents.length,
-          },
+          metadata: skillMetadata,
           displayOrder: displayOrder++,
         });
       }
@@ -620,6 +668,9 @@ export async function computeInvoiceDraft(opts: {
   }
 
   // 4. Build lines, grouped per tenant (display order preserved).
+  // Locale must be resolved before line construction since the
+  // descriptions are localized at compute time.
+  const locale = opts.locale ?? defaultLocaleForCountry(snapshot.country);
   const lines: Omit<InvoiceLine, "id" | "invoiceId">[] = [];
   let nextDisplayOrder = 0;
   // Sort tenants by name for stable line ordering across regenerations.
@@ -632,6 +683,7 @@ export async function computeInvoiceDraft(opts: {
       daysInMonth,
       platformPricing,
       skillPricing,
+      locale,
       warnings,
       displayOrderOffset: nextDisplayOrder,
     });
@@ -653,9 +705,6 @@ export async function computeInvoiceDraft(opts: {
   const paymentMethod: InvoicePaymentMethod =
     opts.paymentMethod ?? (orgConfig.payByInvoice ? "invoice" : "invoice");
 
-  // 7. Locale resolution
-  const locale = opts.locale ?? defaultLocaleForCountry(snapshot.country);
-
   return {
     zitadelOrgId,
     periodStart,
diff --git a/src/lib/db.ts b/src/lib/db.ts
index 35240f6..857592c 100644
--- a/src/lib/db.ts
+++ b/src/lib/db.ts
@@ -331,6 +331,12 @@ const MIGRATION_SQL = `
     created_at               TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT now(),
     updated_at               TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT now()
   );
+  -- Phase 2 addition: per-skill one-time setup fee. Charged the
+  -- first time a given (tenant, skill) appears on an invoice line.
+  -- Default 0 so pricing rows created before this column exists
+  -- stay free until the admin sets a fee.
+  ALTER TABLE skill_pricing
+    ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS setup_fee_chf NUMERIC(10,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0;
 
   -- One row per tenant. created_at anchors first-month proration;
   -- deleted_at (nullable, stamped on delete) anchors last-month
@@ -1699,6 +1705,7 @@ function rowToSkillPricing(row: any): SkillPricing {
   return {
     skillId: row.skill_id,
     dailyPriceChf: Number(row.daily_price_chf),
+    setupFeeChf: Number(row.setup_fee_chf ?? 0),
     createdAt: row.created_at?.toISOString?.() ?? row.created_at,
     updatedAt: row.updated_at?.toISOString?.() ?? row.updated_at,
   };
@@ -1724,24 +1731,30 @@ export async function getSkillPricing(
 }
 
 /**
- * Upsert a daily price for a package. Setting a price activates
- * usage-based billing for the (tenant, skill) pair: every UTC day
- * the package was enabled in the billing month is one unit on the
- * invoice.
+ * Upsert pricing for a package. `dailyPriceChf` activates
+ * usage-based billing (one billable unit per UTC day the package
+ * was enabled). `setupFeeChf` is a one-time charge emitted on the
+ * first invoice line for any given (tenant, skill).
+ *
+ * Both fields are required so admin must consciously set 0 to mean
+ * "no setup fee" rather than accidentally inheriting an old value
+ * from a partial update.
  */
 export async function setSkillPricing(
   skillId: string,
-  dailyPriceChf: number
+  dailyPriceChf: number,
+  setupFeeChf: number
 ): Promise<SkillPricing> {
   await ensureSchema();
   const result = await getPool().query(
-    `INSERT INTO skill_pricing (skill_id, daily_price_chf)
-     VALUES ($1, $2)
+    `INSERT INTO skill_pricing (skill_id, daily_price_chf, setup_fee_chf)
+     VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
      ON CONFLICT (skill_id) DO UPDATE SET
        daily_price_chf = EXCLUDED.daily_price_chf,
+       setup_fee_chf   = EXCLUDED.setup_fee_chf,
        updated_at      = now()
      RETURNING *`,
-    [skillId, dailyPriceChf]
+    [skillId, dailyPriceChf, setupFeeChf]
   );
   return rowToSkillPricing(result.rows[0]);
 }
@@ -2500,6 +2513,32 @@ export async function tenantHasSetupFeeBilled(
   return result.rows.length > 0;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Has this (tenant, skill) pair already appeared on any prior
+ * invoice line — either as setup or usage? Drives the per-skill
+ * setup-fee gate. Same "first appearance" semantics as the tenant
+ * setup fee: a previously-free skill that newly gets a setup fee
+ * configured will trigger the fee on its next billed period.
+ *
+ * Uses metadata->>'skill_id' (which is what both skill_setup and
+ * skill_usage lines store) rather than parsing description.
+ */
+export async function tenantSkillHasBeenBilled(
+  tenantName: string,
+  skillId: string
+): Promise<boolean> {
+  await ensureSchema();
+  const result = await getPool().query(
+    `SELECT 1 FROM invoice_lines
+      WHERE tenant_name = $1
+        AND kind IN ('skill_setup', 'skill_usage')
+        AND metadata->>'skill_id' = $2
+      LIMIT 1`,
+    [tenantName, skillId]
+  );
+  return result.rows.length > 0;
+}
+
 /**
  * Aggregate open balance per org for the admin overview. Returns
  * orgs with at least one open or overdue invoice; orgs in good
diff --git a/src/messages/de.json b/src/messages/de.json
index 4c4a947..8d2c3e4 100644
--- a/src/messages/de.json
+++ b/src/messages/de.json
@@ -653,6 +653,8 @@
     "confirmDeleteInvoice": "Rechnung {num} löschen? Dies ist eine harte Löschung — die Rechnungsnummer bleibt verbraucht.",
     "paidOnLabel": "Bezahlt am",
     "lineItemsTitle": "Positionen",
-    "billToSnapshotTitle": "Rechnungsempfänger"
+    "billToSnapshotTitle": "Rechnungsempfänger",
+    "setupFeeCol": "Einrichtungsgebühr",
+    "skillSetupFeeLabel": "Einrichtungsgebühr"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/messages/en.json b/src/messages/en.json
index 334c942..d7911b8 100644
--- a/src/messages/en.json
+++ b/src/messages/en.json
@@ -653,6 +653,8 @@
     "confirmDeleteInvoice": "Delete invoice {num}? This is a hard delete — the invoice number stays consumed.",
     "paidOnLabel": "Paid",
     "lineItemsTitle": "Line items",
-    "billToSnapshotTitle": "Billed to"
+    "billToSnapshotTitle": "Billed to",
+    "setupFeeCol": "Setup fee",
+    "skillSetupFeeLabel": "Setup fee"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/messages/fr.json b/src/messages/fr.json
index 7afec6d..001a49a 100644
--- a/src/messages/fr.json
+++ b/src/messages/fr.json
@@ -653,6 +653,8 @@
     "confirmDeleteInvoice": "Supprimer la facture {num}? Suppression définitive — le numéro reste utilisé.",
     "paidOnLabel": "Payée le",
     "lineItemsTitle": "Lignes",
-    "billToSnapshotTitle": "Destinataire"
+    "billToSnapshotTitle": "Destinataire",
+    "setupFeeCol": "Frais de configuration",
+    "skillSetupFeeLabel": "Frais de configuration"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/messages/it.json b/src/messages/it.json
index 0da4f53..5970188 100644
--- a/src/messages/it.json
+++ b/src/messages/it.json
@@ -653,6 +653,8 @@
     "confirmDeleteInvoice": "Eliminare la fattura {num}? Eliminazione definitiva — il numero rimane consumato.",
     "paidOnLabel": "Pagata il",
     "lineItemsTitle": "Righe",
-    "billToSnapshotTitle": "Destinatario"
+    "billToSnapshotTitle": "Destinatario",
+    "setupFeeCol": "Spese di attivazione",
+    "skillSetupFeeLabel": "Spese di attivazione"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/types/index.ts b/src/types/index.ts
index 20dfb46..51a1a36 100644
--- a/src/types/index.ts
+++ b/src/types/index.ts
@@ -449,6 +449,13 @@ export interface PlatformPricing {
 export interface SkillPricing {
   skillId: string;
   dailyPriceChf: number;
+  /**
+   * One-time setup fee charged the first time this skill appears
+   * on an invoice for a given tenant. Detection mirrors the
+   * tenant-level setup fee: a `skill_setup` line is emitted only
+   * when no prior invoice line exists for (tenant, skill).
+   */
+  setupFeeChf: number;
   createdAt: string;
   updatedAt: string;
 }
@@ -541,6 +548,7 @@ export type InvoiceLineKind =
   | "ai_usage"
   | "threema_messages"
   | "skill_usage"
+  | "skill_setup"
   | "adjustment";
 
 /**