diff --git a/src/components/tenants/subscription-toggle.tsx b/src/components/tenants/subscription-toggle.tsx
index 8b8ed5a..4375517 100644
--- a/src/components/tenants/subscription-toggle.tsx
+++ b/src/components/tenants/subscription-toggle.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState } from "react";
 import { useRouter } from "next/navigation";
 import { useTranslations, useFormatter } from "next-intl";
 import { Modal } from "@/components/ui/modal";
+import { formatRelative } from "@/lib/format";
 
 interface Props {
   tenantName: string;
@@ -198,7 +199,6 @@ export function SubscriptionToggle({
     // Owner with pending resume request: render the request status
     // card with cancel.
     if (pendingResumeRequest) {
-      const submittedDate = new Date(pendingResumeRequest.createdAt);
       return (
         <div>
           <div className="rounded-xl border border-amber-500/30 bg-amber-500/5 px-4 py-3">
@@ -206,8 +206,8 @@ export function SubscriptionToggle({
               {t("resumeRequestPendingTitle")}
             </div>
             <div className="text-xs text-text-secondary">
-              {t.rich("resumeRequestPendingDescription", {
-                when: f.relativeTime(submittedDate),
+              {t("resumeRequestPendingDescription", {
+                when: formatRelative(pendingResumeRequest.createdAt, f),
               })}
             </div>
             <button
diff --git a/src/types/index.ts b/src/types/index.ts
index 4f0ac8d..550f2eb 100644
--- a/src/types/index.ts
+++ b/src/types/index.ts
@@ -233,8 +233,13 @@ export interface TenantRequest {
    * reactivation of a suspended tenant). Default 'provision' for all
    * pre-existing rows; resume rows have most provision fields null
    * but tenant_name set to the tenant being requested.
+   *
+   * Optional on the TS type so provision-only callers (like the
+   * onboarding wizard's create flow) don't need to know about resume
+   * requests. The DB column is NOT NULL DEFAULT 'provision', so rows
+   * loaded via `mapRow` always have a value populated.
    */
-  requestType: "provision" | "resume";
+  requestType?: "provision" | "resume";
   createdAt: string;
   updatedAt: string;
 }